Several U.S. States Pass Bitcoin Reserve Laws Amid National Crypto Momentum

The United States of America is rushing to embrace Bitcoin (BTC) as a reserve asset. Certain states have already embraced the change and have created their Bitcoin reserve following the support of President Donald Trump who is a big advocate for the creation of a national crypto stockpile. According to the data shared by the Bitcoin Reserve Monitor, three states have formally enacted the Bitcoin reserve laws whereas 17 more are actively considering it while five have outright rejected it.

In recent months, the push to establish a state-level Bitcoin reserve has gained momentum. While the exact structure of these reserve systems varies, most of these allow states to hold Bitcoin that they have acquired through unclaimed property, forfeitures, and direct purchases.

Here are the states that have already adopted the Bitcoin Reserve.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire was the first state to enact a Bitcoin reserve law, passing HB 302 in May 2025. Governor Kelly Ayotte signed the bill, allowing the state to invest up to 5% of public funds in precious metals and digital assets that meet strict capitalization requirements, leaving Bitcoin as the sole qualifying asset.

Despite passing the House by a narrow margin of 13 votes, the law was heralded by Ayotte as a bold step toward financial innovation. “New Hampshire is once again first in the nation!” she wrote on X.com.

The law permits the state to hold Bitcoin reserves through secure custody solutions or regulated investment vehicles, marking a significant milestone in state-level crypto adoption.

Arizona

Arizona took a more cautious approach. While HB 2749, passed in May 2025, permits the state to retain crypto assets in their original form under unclaimed property laws, broader reserve proposals were blocked.

Governor Katie Hobbs vetoed two major bills, SB 1025 and HB 2324, that would have allowed state funds and seized assets to be used in forming a formal Bitcoin reserve. Hobbs cited concerns over financial risk and the potential undermining of local law enforcement authority over seized assets.

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Texas

Texas, meanwhile, has taken the most aggressive stance. In June 2025, Governor Greg Abbott signed both SB 21 and HB 4488 into law, establishing the Texas Strategic Bitcoin Reserve with robust legal protections against reversal by future legislatures.

The reserve allows for the accumulation of Bitcoin through purchases, donations, and even blockchain-based mechanisms like forks and airdrops. Still, eligibility is limited to digital assets with a two-year average market cap above $500 billion, once again, effectively limiting the reserve to Bitcoin.

States That Rejected Bitcoin Reserve Laws

Despite growing momentum, not all states have embraced the idea. Legislative proposals in Montana, South Dakota, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, Wyoming, and Utah have either failed or been stripped of key Bitcoin reserve provisions. Lawmakers in these states cited crypto’s volatility, legal ambiguity, and concerns over long-term viability.

Seventeen more states, including Florida, Ohio, and Georgia, are still reviewing Bitcoin reserve proposals. As the national conversation around cryptocurrency intensifies, particularly in light of potential federal initiatives, the role of Bitcoin in state-level financial strategy appears to be a growing frontier in American economic policy. While still controversial, these legislative developments underscore the growing belief among U.S. lawmakers that Bitcoin may have a lasting role not only in private portfolios but also in public financial systems.